China Wafer Manufacturers, Suppliers, Factory
Menene wafer semiconductor?
Semiconductor wafer siriri ne, zagaye yanki na kayan semiconductor wanda ke aiki a matsayin tushe don ƙirƙira haɗaɗɗun da'irori (ICs) da sauran na'urorin lantarki. Wafer ɗin yana samar da fili mai ɗaki da ɗaki wanda aka gina kayan lantarki daban-daban akansa.
Tsarin ƙera wafer ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa, gami da girma babban kristal guda ɗaya na abin da ake so na semiconductor, yanka kristal zuwa sirara ta amfani da zato na lu'u-lu'u, sannan gogewa da tsaftace wafers don cire duk wani lahani ko ƙazanta. Wafers da aka samo suna da shimfidar wuri mai faɗi da santsi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga hanyoyin ƙirƙira na gaba.
Da zarar an shirya wafers, suna gudanar da jerin matakai na masana'antu na semiconductor, irin su photolithography, etching, deposition, da doping, don ƙirƙirar ƙirar ƙira da yadudduka da ake buƙata don gina abubuwan lantarki. Ana maimaita waɗannan matakai sau da yawa akan wafer guda don ƙirƙirar haɗaɗɗun da'irori ko wasu na'urori.
Bayan aikin ƙirƙira ya cika, ɗayan kwakwalwan kwamfuta sun rabu ta hanyar dicing wafer tare da ƙayyadaddun layi. Ana tattara guntuwar da aka keɓe don kare su da samar da haɗin wutar lantarki don haɗawa cikin na'urorin lantarki.
Daban-daban kayan a kan wafer
Semiconductor wafers ana yin su ne da farko daga silicon-crystal saboda yawansa, kyawawan kayan lantarki, da dacewa tare da daidaitattun hanyoyin masana'antar semiconductor. Koyaya, dangane da takamaiman aikace-aikace da buƙatu, ana iya amfani da wasu kayan don yin wafers. Ga wasu misalai:
Silicon carbide (SiC) wani abu ne mai faɗin bandgap semiconductor abu wanda ke ba da kyawawan kaddarorin jiki idan aka kwatanta da kayan gargajiya. Yana taimakawa rage girman da nauyin na'urori masu hankali, kayayyaki, har ma da tsarin gabaɗaya, yayin haɓaka inganci.
Babban Halayen SiC:
- - Faɗin Bandgap:SiC's bandgap yana kusan sau uku na silicon, yana ba shi damar yin aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma, har zuwa 400 ° C.
- - Filin Rage Mahimmanci:SiC na iya jure har sau goma filin lantarki na silicon, yana mai da shi manufa don na'urori masu ƙarfin lantarki.
- - Babban Haɓakawa na thermal:SiC yana watsar da zafi sosai, yana taimakawa na'urori su kula da yanayin zafi mafi kyau da kuma tsawaita rayuwarsu.
- - Babban Saturation Electron Drift Gudun:Tare da ninki biyu na saurin juzu'i na silicon, SiC yana ba da damar juzu'i mafi girma, yana taimakawa ƙaramar na'urar.
Aikace-aikace:
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- Kayan Wutar Lantarki:Na'urorin wutar lantarki na SiC sun yi fice a cikin babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki, babban halin yanzu, yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi, da maɗaukakiyar mitoci, suna haɓaka ingantaccen canjin makamashi. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin motocin lantarki, tashoshin caji, tsarin hoto, jigilar jirgin ƙasa, da grid masu wayo.
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- Sadarwar Microwave:Na'urorin GaN RF na tushen SiC suna da mahimmanci don kayan aikin sadarwa mara waya, musamman ga tashoshin tushe na 5G. Waɗannan na'urori sun haɗu da ingantaccen yanayin zafi na SiC tare da babban mita mai ƙarfi na GaN, fitarwar RF mai ƙarfi, yana mai da su zaɓin da aka fi so don cibiyoyin sadarwar tarho na gaba mai girma.
Gallium nitride (GAN)wani abu ne mai faɗi na ƙarni na uku mai faɗin bandgap semiconductor mai girma tare da babban bandgap, haɓakar zafi mai ƙarfi, babban saurin jikewa na lantarki, da kyawawan halaye na fashewar filin. Na'urorin GaN suna da fa'idodin aikace-aikacen a cikin mitoci masu girma, sauri, da manyan iko kamar hasken ceton makamashi na LED, nunin tsinkayar Laser, motocin lantarki, grid mai wayo, da sadarwar 5G.
Gallium arsenide (GaAs)wani abu ne na semiconductor wanda aka sani don yawan mita, babban motsi na lantarki, babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙananan ƙara, da kuma layi mai kyau. Ana amfani dashi sosai a masana'antar optoelectronics da microelectronics. A cikin optoelectronics, ana amfani da kayan aikin GaAs don kera LED (diodes masu haske), LD (diodes laser), da na'urorin hoto. A cikin microelectronics, ana amfani da su a cikin samar da MESFETs (ƙarfe-semiconductor filin tasiri transistor), HEMTs (high electron motsi transistor), HBTs (heterojunction bipolar transistors), ICs (hadedde circuits), microwave diodes, da Hall sakamako na'urorin.
Indium phosphide (InP)yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman na'urori masu mahimmanci na III-V, wanda aka sani don babban motsi na lantarki, kyakkyawan juriya na radiation, da kuma bandgap mai fadi. Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin masana'antar optoelectronics da microelectronics.
