Menene wafer semiconductor?

Semiconductor wafer siriri ne, zagaye yanki na kayan semiconductor wanda ke aiki a matsayin tushe don ƙirƙira haɗaɗɗun da'irori (ICs) da sauran na'urorin lantarki. Wafer ɗin yana samar da fili mai ɗaki da ɗaki wanda aka gina kayan lantarki daban-daban akansa.

Tsarin ƙera wafer ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa, gami da girma babban kristal guda ɗaya na abin da ake so na semiconductor, yanka kristal zuwa sirara ta amfani da zato na lu'u-lu'u, sannan gogewa da tsaftace wafers don cire duk wani lahani ko ƙazanta. Wafers da aka samo suna da shimfidar wuri mai faɗi da santsi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga hanyoyin ƙirƙira na gaba.

Da zarar an shirya wafers, suna gudanar da jerin matakai na masana'antu na semiconductor, irin su photolithography, etching, deposition, da doping, don ƙirƙirar ƙirar ƙira da yadudduka da ake buƙata don gina abubuwan lantarki. Ana maimaita waɗannan matakai sau da yawa akan wafer guda don ƙirƙirar haɗaɗɗun da'irori ko wasu na'urori.

Bayan aikin ƙirƙira ya cika, ɗayan kwakwalwan kwamfuta sun rabu ta hanyar dicing wafer tare da ƙayyadaddun layi. Ana tattara guntuwar da aka keɓe don kare su da samar da haɗin wutar lantarki don haɗawa cikin na'urorin lantarki.